Objective of research: to study the helminth fauna in cats of the family Felidae in Azerbaijan. Materials and methods: 58 European wild cats, 88 jungle and 136 domestic cats from different regions of Azerbaijan were examined in 1985–2000 by the method of full helminthological dissection. Results and discussion: In different landscapes of Azerbaijan the helminth fauna in cats was formed depending on cat etiology, nutritional composition of their food and bioecological features of landscapes. 14 helminth species happened to be similar for all cat families. For the first time 4 new helminth species were revealed in wild cats, 2 species — in jungle, 17 — in domestic cats. We determined the important role of intermediate hosts (making the base of cat nutrition) in the formation of the helminth fauna, in the exchange of helminths in the ecosystem between animals. 23 helminth species, which infest humans and domestic animals, are potentially dangerous and have a significant epizootological and epidemiological importance.
European wild cat, jungle cat, domestic cat, helminths, intermediate hosts, fauna, landscape, Azerbaijan.
Введение
Камышовая кошка (Felis chaus) распространена во многих районах Азербайджана - в Самур-Девичинской низменности, на горных склонах Куба-Кусары, а также в полупустынных лесах вдоль побережья Каспийского моря. Лесная кошка (Felis sylvestris) больше всего распространена в горных и в равнинных лесах Ленкоранского района, домашняя кошка (Felis catus domestica) - в городах, районах и селах Азербайджана.
Несмотря на то, что кошачьи имеют важное значение в экосистеме, гельминтофауна этих животных до 80-х годов оставалась мало изученной. Имелись лишь фрагментарные данные И. А. Садыгова о выявлении двух видов гельминтов у камышовой кошки - Troqlostrongylus assadovi и Petrowospirura petrowi, а у домашних кошек М.Ш. Ёлчуевым выявлены пять видов [1, 5]. Из-за малого числа исследованных животных результаты были неудовлетворительными.
В связи с тем, что кошачьи в природе являются переносчиками основных возбудителей гельминтозов, они имеют большое научное и практическое значение.
Целью наших исследований было изучение гельминтофауны кошачьих Азербайджана.
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