Bratsk, Irkutsk region, Russian Federation
Man'chzhuriya, China
When implementing the technological process in the forest for logging operations, various factors influence, as well as taxation indicators such as (average diameter, height of the stand, reserve per hectare, availability of growth, completeness, etc.), natural climatic factors (Soil type carrying capacity of soils, depth of snow cover, etc.), degree of operator training, etc. One of the main tasks of rational justification of the technological process of cutting areas development is to find and combine controlled factors, at which performance indicators would be extreme. The most suitable variant of the technological development of the cutting area assumes what should be the intensity of logging, the layout of the cutting area, the number of loading points, and the productivity of harvesting machines. This task will be solved taking into account the influence of logging equipment and technology on the forest environment. The state of the stand left for growing after selective felling and its further development depends on the machine systems used in logging operations. The most important factor in the development of felling areas is the degree of intensity of felling. Since the quality of logging operations will depend on the method of cutting in the development of the cutting area (from the point of view of the impact on the natural environment, the soil cover, the left part of the stand, the adolescent).
low-disturbed forest areas, technological and environmental factors, timber exploitation, harvesting technology, environmental requirements.
Введение. При осуществлении технологического процесса в лесу на выполнение лесозаготовительных операций влияют различные факторы, а также таксационные показатели, такие как средний диаметр, высота древостоя, запас на 1 га, наличие подроста, полнота древостоя; природно-климатические факторы – тип почв, несущая способность грунтов, глубина снежного покрова, степень подготовки оператора [1, 2, 4]. В данных условиях исследуемая система сложна, и ее изучение путем прямого экспериментирования или аналитического решения затруднено, но в данном случае можно проследить поведение отдельных элементов системы. Исходя из вышеизложенного, наиболее подходит метод имитационного моделирования. Имитационное моделирование включает:
– описание поведения системы;
– построение теорий и гипотез, которые могут объяснить наблюдаемое поведение;
– использование этих теорий для предсказания будущего поведения системы.
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