EVOLUTION OF FLOATATION EQUIPMENT FOR SEWAGE TREATMENT АND ACTIVE SLUDGE THICKENING
Abstract and keywords
Abstract (English):
The article covers theoretical basics of floatation process and main stages of flotators’ evolution. special attention is paid to flotation as multistage process as well as to definition of constants with theoretical and the experimental methods. Authors demonstrate that use of theoretical bases of multistage flotation model allows to significantly stimulating floatation process. Leading foreign and domestic innovations in floatation sewage treatment and active sludge thickening are presented. Promising research in constructing multi-tool floatation apparatus (flotation combine) is described. The article provides variants of multi-tool flotators’ design, examples of its integration into operation, and the test data confirming its high effectiveness for sewage treatment and active sludge thickening. Methods of stimulating thickening with carbon dioxide and chemical agents are used for wastewater sludge (including active sludge).

Keywords:
floatation sewage treatment, active sludge thickening, flotator, floatation combine.
Text
Publication text (PDF): Read Download

1. Введение

Флотационная техника используется для очистки сточных вод от гидрофобных загрязнений и сгущения осадков, в частности активного ила [1]. В результате очистки сточных вод образуются различные категории осадков, в том числе активный ил, влажность которого составляет 98%. Для утилизации осадков необходима их обработка, первой стадией которой является уплотнение для уменьшения объема осадков. Существует несколько методов сгущения осадков, один из которых — флотация [1].

За последние 60 лет флотационные машины претерпели значительные конструктивные изменения, которые обеспечивают соответствие новых установок различным аспектам производственного процесса, а также наиболее важным требованиям. До 1930-x годов были запатентованы сотни моделей флотационных машин, десятки из них были применены на практике; к 1960-м годам все эти разработки устарели, за исключением субаэрационныx, пневмомеханических и пневматических типов. В настоящее время даже эти модели уже не применяются в иx первоначальном виде.

В результате стремления к упрощению конструкций прежние модели выводились из эксплуатации. При этом новые разработки не обязательно соответствуют всем требованиям. Они позволяют упростить процесс сборки, снизить затраты на эксплуатацию и техническое обслуживание, предоставить более широкие возможности использования, а также снизить требования по техническому обслуживанию по сравнению с требованиями к первым, более сложным моделям.

References

1. Ksenofontov B.S. Flotatsionnaya obrabotka vody, otkhodov i pochvy [Flotation treatment of water, waste and soil]. Moscow, Novye tekhnologii Publ., 2010. 272 p.

2. Ksenofontov B.S., Ivanov M.V. Sposoby intensifikatsii flotatsionnoy ochistki stochnykh vod i zagryaznennykh gruntov [Methods intensification flotation wastewater and contaminated soil]. Moscow, Bauman MSTU Publ., 2013. 66 p.

3. Ksenofontov B.S. Intensifikatsiya ochistki stochnykh vod flotatsiey [Intensification of wastewater by flotation]. Saarbrücken, LAP LAMBERT Publ., 2012. 99 p.

4. Ksenofontov B.S. Ivanov M.V. Bayramova A.D. Ways of intensification of process of flotation of sewage treatment with vibration use. Ekologiya promyshlennogo proizvodstva [Industrial ecology], 2012, I. 1. P. 41–44. (in Russian)

5. Lavrinenko A.A. Modern flotation machines for mineral raw materials. Gornaya tekhnika: katalog-spravochnik [Mining Engineering: catalogue]. 2008. P. 186–195. (in Russian)

6. Advertising booklet of FLSmidth "Flotation Technology Brochure", 2010, 16 p.

7. Advertising booklet of FLSmidth " Flotation technologies FLSmidth Dorr-Oliver Eimco", 2009, 8 p. (in Russian)

8. Gerasimov G.N. Tekhnicheskiy spravochnik po obrabotke vody [Technical Reference for Water Treatment]. St. Petersburg, Novyy zhurnal Publ., 2007. V. 1, 775 p.

9. Krofta Engineering Limited. Available at: http://www.kroftaengineering.com

10. Ksenofontov B.S. Elektroflotatsionnyy apparat [Electroflotation unit]. Avt. sv. USSR, No 764387, 1980.

11. Deryagin B.V., Dukhin S S., Rulev N.N. Mikroflotatsiya: Vodoochistka, obogashchenie [Microflotation: Water treatment, enrichment]. Moscow, Khimiya Publ., 1986. 112 p.

12. Ksenofontov B.S. Ochistka vody i pochvy flotatsiey [Treatment of water and soil by flotation]. Moscow, Novye tekhnologii Publ., 2004. 224 p.

13. Ksenofontov B.S., Dulina L.A., Moiseev M.N. Flotation treatment of fat-containing wastewater. Bezopasnost´ zhiznedeyatel´nosti [Life safety], 2002, I. 12. P. 19–22. (in Russian)

14. Meshcheryakov N.F. Konditsioniruyushchie i flotatsionnye apparaty i mashiny [Conditioning and flotation devices and machines]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1990, P. 138–192.

15. Ksenofontov B.S. Flotatsionnaya mashina dlya ochistki stochnykh vod [Flotation machine for wastewater treatment]. Patent RF, No 2130897, 1999. (in Russian)

16. Ksenofontov B.S. Flotatsionnaya ustanovka dlya ochistki stochnykh vod [Flotation unit for wastewater treatment]. Patent RF, No 2169704, 2001. (in Russian)

17. Ksenofontov B.S., Kapitonova S.N. Flotatsionnaya mashina dlya ochistki stochnykh vod [Flotation machine for wastewater treatment]. Patent RF, No 60511, 2007. (in Russian)

18. Ksenofontov B.S., Petrova E.V. Flotootstoynik [Flotation machine with sedimentation]. Patent RF, No 132434, 2013. (in Russian)

19. Gyunter L.I. Status and prospects of treatment and disposal of sewage sludge. Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaya tekhnika [Water supply and sanitary technique]. 2005, I. 11. P. 3–8. (in Russian)

20. Advertising booklet of SNF Floerger "Sludge Dewatering", 36 p.

21. KWI International GmbH. Available at: http://www.kwiintl.com.

22. Ksenofontov B.S. Sposob ochistki stochnykh vod [Method of wastewater treatment]. Patent RF, No 2108496, 1998. (in Russian)

23. Smirnov A.M., Smirnov M.N., Akim E.L. The practice of using flotation treatment for pulp and paper mills. Tsellyuloza. Bumaga. Karton [Pulp. Paper. Board], 2005, I. 1. P. 70–75. (in Russian)

24. Smirnov M.N. Economic aspects of flotation plants in the local systems of circulating water treatment. Tsellyuloza. Bumaga. Karton [Pulp. Paper. Board], 1996, I. 3–4, P. 41–42. (in Russian)

25. Smirnov A.M., Smirnov M.N., Akim E.L Application of methods of pressure flotation systems for local and plant wide wastewater treatment. Tsellyuloza. Bumaga. Karton [Pulp. Paper. Board], 2004, I. 10. P. 74–80. (in Russian)

26. Smirnov M.N., Gusarova G.A, Mandre Yu.G, Akim E.L. The combination of physic chemical and biological treatment to address water conservation in the Russian pulp and paper industry. Tsellyuloza. Bumaga. Karton [Pulp. Paper. Board], 2012. No 4. P. 58–65. (in Russian)

27. Stepanov S.V., Strelkov A.K., Stashok Yu.E., Dubman I.S., Belyakov A.V. The experience of designing oil refinery wastewater treatment facilities. Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaya tekhnika [Water supply and sanitary technique], 2013, I. 8. P. 34–44. (in Russian)

28. Wenying Liu, Moran C.J., Sue Vink A review of the effect of water quality on flotation. Minerals Engineering, 2013, vol. 53. P. 91–100.

29. J. Rubio, M.L. Souza, R.W. Smith Overview of flotation as a wastewater treatment technique. Minerals Engineering, 2002, vol. 15, I. 3. P. 139–155.

30. Polata H., Erdoganb D. Heavy metal removal from waste waters by ion flotation. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007, vol. 148, I. 1–2. P. 267–273.

31. Ksenofontov B.S., Kozodaev A.S. Method of compaction of activated sludge using a solution of carbon dioxide. Mezhdunarodnaya konferentsiya "Vodootvedenie i utilizatsiya osadkov" IWA 2006 [International Conference "Wastewater disposal and utilization of sludges" IWA 2006]. Мoscow, 2006, p. 999. (in Russian)

32. Ksenofontov, B.S., Kozodaev A.S., Dulina L.A. The flotation method thickening of activated sludge using carbon dioxide. Sbornik dokladov. 7-y mezhdunarodnyy kongress "Voda: ekologiya i tekhnologiya" (EKVATEK-2006) [7th International Forum "Water: Ecology and Technology" (Ecwatech-2006)]. Мoscow, 2006, vol. 2, p. 830. (in Russian)

33. Ksenofontov B.S., Ivanov M.V. Intensification of waste water and soils treatment by flotation. Moscow, Bauman MSTU Publ., 2013. 52 р.

Login or Create
* Forgot password?