Hydrochemical, hydrobiological and ichthyological studies of the two largest lakes in the Kostroma region - Galichskoye and Chukhlomskoye for the period 2005–19 were carried out. Current state of the fish population in comparison with previous periods was analysed. Area of water bodies was updated according to geographic information systems data for 2017–19. The collection and processing of hydrochemical and hydrobiological samples were carried out according to standard methods. The collection of ichthyological materials was carried out by conventional methods using fry drag, small-mesh seines and fixed nets. The boundaries of the lakes were digitized using Landsat satellite images. The hydrochemical indicators of both lakes are within the limits of fishery standards. The hydrochemical regime of Lake Galichskoye is stable. The rise in the water level of Lake Chukhlomskoye had a positive effect on its hydrochemical regime. It has been established that both investigated lakes are currently, as before, highly productive water bodies. According to the concentration of chlorophyll “a” they have a β-eutrophic status, according to quantitative indicators of phytoplankton development they correspond to a high eutrophic level. According to the quantitative indicators of zooplankton, Lake Galichskoye is a low-forage water body (0.37 g/m3), and Chukhlomskoye is a medium-forage water body (2.12 g/m3). Lake Galichskoye is medium-fodder, and Lake Chukhlomskoye is high-forage lakes for benthofagous fish. According to indicator species of zoobenthos, the water of both lakes is classified as an α-mesosaprobic zone, polluted (quality class IV). The species richness of fish on Lake Galich – 16 species, on Lake Chukhloma – 12 species, ichthyomass – 221.9 and 176.5 kg/ha, respectively. It was noted that in the reservoirs over the past two decades, serious changes have occurred in the structure of the fish population. In both lakes, perch fish were replaced by cyprinids, which is associated with the process of eutrophication. In Galichskoye Lake, after a sharp decrease in fishing load since 2005, there has been a significant increase in the number of small-sized fish species caused a corresponding increase in stocks of predatory species (pike and pike perch). In the Lake Chukhlomskoye, the ecological niche of the crucian was occupied by the bream, which was acclimatized in the reservoir almost a century ago. It was determined that during the growing season the average area of Lake Galichskoye is 7124.3 ± 57.5 hectares, of Lake Chukhlomskoye – 4862.7 ± 14.7 hectares.
lakes, Kostroma region, geographic information systems, phytoplankton, zooplankton, zoobenthos, fish population, fish biomass
1. Alekin O.A. Osnovy gidrohimii. L.: Gidrometeoizdat, 1970. S. 120–121.
2. Baranov I.V. Osnovy bioprodukcionnoy gidrohimii. M.: Legkaya i pischevaya promyshlennost', 1982. 112 s.
3. Baranov I.V., Tereshin A.B.. Gidrohimicheskiy rezhim Galichskogo i Chuhlomskogo ozer (Kostromskaya obl.) po rezul'tatam issledovaniy 1979 g. // Sb. nauch. tr. GosNIORH, 1981. Vyp. 164. S. 58–67.
4. Bul'on V.V. Zavisimost' ryboproduktivnosti vodoemov ot pervichnoy produkcii // Metody izucheniya sostoyaniya kormovoy bazy rybohozyaystvennyh vodoemov. L.: Promrybvod. 1983. S. 3–11.
5. Val'mus S.G., Pravdin I.F. Materialy po obsledovaniyu Galichskogo ozera. // Trudy Galichskogo otdeleniya Kostromskogo nauchnogo obschestva po izucheniyu mestnogo kraya. 1923. 36 s.
6. Vodeneeva E.L., Kulizin P.V. Vodorosli Mordovskogo zapovednika (annotirovannyy spisok vidov). M. 2019. 62 s. [Flora i fauna zapovednikov. Vyp. 134]
7. Ermolaev V.I. Fitoplankton vodoemov basseyna ozera Sartlan. Novosibirsk: Nauka. 1989. 96 s.
8. Ivanov A.P. Rybovodstvo v estestvennyh vodoemah. M.: Agropromizdat, 1988. 367 s.
9. Istoriya ozer Vostochno-Evropeyskoy ravniny. L.: Nauka, 1992. 263 s.
10. Kataev R.K., Minin A.E., Vandysheva V.V. Dinamika rybnogo naseleniya ozera Galichskoe, ego produkcionnye vozmozhnosti i sostoyanie v sovremennyy period // Rybohozyaystvennye issledovaniya na vnutrennih vodoemah: Materialy II Vserossiyskoy molodezhnoy konferencii 2016 g. SPb.: “GosNIORH”, 2016. C. 120–129.
11. Kvasov D.D. Pozdnechetvertichnaya istoriya krupnyh ozer i vnutrennih morey Vostochnoy Evropy. L.: Nauka, 1975. 278 s.
12. Kitaev S.P. Osnovy limnologii dlya gidrobiologov i ihtiologov. Petrozavodsk: Karel'skiy nauchnyy centr RAN, 2007. 395 s.
13. Koval'skiy N.G. Sovremennoe sostoyanie populyacii zolotogo karasya Carassius carassius L. Chuhlomskogo ozera Kostromskoy oblasti: Diss. ... kand. biol. nauk. Kostroma. 2005. 116 s.
14. Lebedev G.T. Chuhlomskoe ozero i ego issledovateli. Chuhloma, 1958. 707 s.
15. Lur'e Yu.Yu. Unificirovannye metody analiza vod. M.: Himiya, 1971. 376 s.
16. Mednikov B.M., Starobogatov Ya.I. Rendom-kamera dlya podscheta melkih biologicheskih ob'ektov // Trudy VGBO. 1961. Vyp. 11. S. 426–428.
17. Metodika izucheniya biogeocenozov vnutrennih vodoemov. M.: Nauka, 1975. 240 s.
18. Metodicheskie rekomendacii po sboru i obrabotke materialov pri gidrobiologicheskih issledovaniyah na presnovodnyh vodoemah. Zooplankton i ego produkciya. L.: GosNIORH, ZIN AN SSSR, 1982. 33 s.
19. Mineeva N.M. Rastitel'nye pigmenty v vode Volzhskih vodohranilisch. M.: Nauka, 2004. 156 s.
20. OST-15-372-87. Ohrana prirody. Gidrosfera. Voda dlya rybovodnyh hozyaystv. Obschie trebovaniya i normy. M., 1988. 18 s.
21. Ohapkin A.G. Struktura i sukcessiya fitoplanktona pri zaregulirovanii rechnogo stoka (na primere r. Volgi i ee pritokov): Diss. … dokt. biol. nauk. SPb, 1997. 280 s.
22. Ocenka sovremennogo sostoyaniya osnovnyh promyslovyh ryb oz. Galichskogo, ego znachenie v vosproizvodstve rybnyh zapasov Gor'kovskogo vodohranilischa. // Otchet NIR promezhutochnyy. Borok: IBVV RAN. 1996. 66 s.
23. Ocenka sovremennogo sostoyaniya osnovnyh promyslovyh ryb oz. Galichskogo, ego znachenie v vosproizvodstve rybnyh zapasov Gor'kovskogo vodohranilischa. // Otchet NIR zaklyuchitel'nyy. Borok: IBVV RAN. 1997. 74 s.
24. Pechnikov A.S. Ihtiomassa kak pokazatel' bioprodukcionnyh vozmozhnostey ozer Galichskogo i Chuhlomskogo. // Sb. nauch. tr. “GosNIORH”. 1981. Vyp. 164. S. 75–83.
25. Pechnikov A.S.. Tereshenkov I.I. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po sboru i obrabotke ihtiologicheskogo materiala v malyh ozerah. L.: “GosNIORH”. 1986. 65 s.
26. Postnov D.I. Sostoyanie populyacii lescha i drugih promyslovyh ryb Galichskogo ozera Kostromskoy oblasti // Prirodnoresursnyy potencial, ekologiya i ustoychivoe razvitie regionov Rossii: sbornik materialov IV Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii. Penza: RIO PGSHA. 2005. S. 193–194.
27. Rudenko G.P. Produkcionnye osobennosti ihtiocenozov malyh i srednih ozer Severo-Zapada i ih klassifikaciya. SPb.: “GosNIORH”. 2000. S. 82–83.
28. Rudenko G.P. Chislennost' ryb, ihtiomassa, produkciya vyzhivshih ryb i upravlenie ryboprodukcionnym processom v presnovodnyh vodoemah. SPb.: “GosNIORH”. 2014. 106 s.
29. Rudenko G.P. Sposob opredeleniya obschego dopustimogo ulova ryby i vliyanie intensivnogo promysla na produkcionnye pokazateli populyacii ryb. (metodicheskoe rukovodstvo). SPb.: “GosNIORH”, 2015. 34 s.
30. Rybovodno-biologicheskie normy dlya ekspluatacii prudovyh hozyaystv. M., 1985. 54 s.
31. Sechin Yu.T. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po ocenke chislennosti ryb v presnovodnyh vodoemah. M.: VNIIPRH, 1990. 50 c.
32. Sechin Yu.T. Bioresursnye issledovaniya na vnutrennih vodoemah. Kaluga: “Eydos”, 2010. 204 c.
33. Solov'ev M.M. Problema sapropelya v SSSR. Nauchno-populyarnaya literatura AN SSSR. L.: Izd. AN SSSR, 1932. 105 s.
34. Semenova A.D. Rukovodstvo po himicheskomu analizu poverhnostnyh vod sushi. L.: Gidrometeoizdat, 1977. 541 s.
35. Tereschenko V.G. Dinamika raznoobraziya rybnogo naseleniya ozer i vodohranilisch Rossii i sopredel'nyh stran: Avtoref. ... dis. dokt. biol. nauk. SPb, 2005. 49 s.
36. Trifonova I.S. Ekologiya i sukcessiya ozernogo fitoplanktona. L.: Nauka, 1990. 184 s.
37. Chumchal M.M., Nowlin W.H., Drenner R.W. Biomass-dependent effects of common carp on water quality in shallow ponds // Hydrobiologia, 2005. № 545. P. 271–277.
38. Oglesby R.T. Relationships of fish yield to lake phytoplankton standing crop, production and morphoedaphic factors // Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 1977. Vol. 34, № 12. P. 2271–2279. doi:10.1139/f77-305
39. Okhapkin A.G., Genkal S.I., Sharagina E.M., Vodeneeva E.L. Structure and dynamics of phytoplankton in the Oka river mouth at the beginning of the 21th century // Inland Water Biology. Vol. 7. № 4. 2014. P. 357–365.
40. SCOR-UNESCO Working Group N 17. Determination of photosynthetic pigments in sea water // Monographs on oceanographic methodology. P.: UNESCO. 1966. P. 9-18.
41. Talling J.F. An annual cycle of stratification and phytoplankton growth in Lake Victoria (East Africa) // Intern. Revue ges. Hydrobiol., 1966. Vol. 51, Issue 4. P. 545-621.
42. USGS Global Visualization Viewer. Dostupno cherez: http://landsatlook.usgs.gov/viewer.html. 12.10.2019.
