The review highlights the issues of classification of sports, their detailed description, based on available information about the functioning of organs and systems of the human body during sports activities. Features training and competitive loads on their nature and intensity, as well as the features of the actual load and the perfect plan of the theoretical model were identified. Aerobic, anaerobic and mixed load, lactate threshold, oxygen debt, and energy consumption were identified and characterized. The rest activities (active, passive and combined) as well as the typology of rest were described. The authors found a relationship between fatigue and rest with the nature of the adaptation processes.
sports, training and competition load, lactate threshold, oxygen debt, types of activities, adaptation
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