Nizhniy Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
The article reflects the results of the implementation of an empirical approach to understanding the problem of maternal behavior. Based on the research results of D.V. Winnicott, M. Mead, Z. Freud, E. Erickson; AND I. Vargi, I.S. Kona, R.V. Ovcharova, G.G. Filippova and many others, both foreign and domestic scientists, and considering parenthood as a bio-social phenomenon that includes a set of value orientations, attitudes, expectations, parental responsibility, feelings and attitudes towards children, as well as a style implemented in communication with a child. family education, we consider motherhood as the most important form of its manifestation (the results of research by A. Meneghetti, F. Horvath; V.I. Brutman, O.R. Voroshnina, V.S. Mukhina, M.S. Radionova, V.A. Ramikh, N.V. Samoukina, G.G. Filippova, etc.). Having generalized the approaches of researchers to the definition of the essence of motherhood, we tend to understand it as a socio-cultural phenomenon, a form of self-realization of a woman, which consists in a woman’s steady need to be a mother, which is manifested in care, love and responsibility towards your child. Turning to the study of the genesis, factors and conditions affecting the formation of motherhood (the works of N.N. Avdeeva, N.I. Gaposhenko, A.I. Zakharova, S.Yu. Meshcheryakova, R.V. Ovcharova, G.G. Filippova, etc.), we are inclined to say that the development of motherhood is a rather long process, carried out practically from the period of early childhood under the influence of both the experience and atmosphere of raising a child in the family of her parents, the specifics of the personal sphere of the expectant mother (for example, the character and the orientation of her attitude towards children, the need for their upbringing, etc.), as well as the whole spectrum of socio-economic processes taking place in a particular society. It is no coincidence that as a particular problem raised by researchers in the field of motherhood is the problem of coping strategies of maternal behavior (works by M.S. Golubeva, E.V. Zinchenko, E.V. Kuftyak, O.Yu. Odintsova, Yu. S. Potapova, etc.). Based on our analysis of the work of scientists, we consider it possible to say that the development and implementation of a special program of psychological and pedagogical support in modern mothers will influence the development and implementation of a special program of psychological and pedagogical support. The development of such a program was the goal of our study.
parenthood, motherhood, coping, coping strategies of maternal behavior
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