Russian Federation
Relevance. Monitoring of income and living standards of the Russian population has been carried out in the All-Russia Centre of Living Standard PLC for more than 15 years. It is based on an interconnected system of socioeconomic indicators including the use of specific indicators developed at the Centre. Object. Incomes and living standards of the Russian population. Subject of the Study. Dynamics of change in consumer prices for goods and services market in Q4 2014. Subsistence minimum in the face of rising cost of food basket in Q4 2014 compared with Q4 2013. Regional differences in the subsistence minimum. Reducing consumption and the average per capita budget. The ratio of the growth rate of pensions to wage growth. Dynamics of subsistence minimum, cash income and purchasing power of the population. Structure and level of expenditure. Consumer spending. The purchasing power of consumer spending. Grouping the subjects of the Russian Federation on the level of purchasing power of money income. Cash income: comparative characteristics by federal districts. Socioeconomic differentiation of population in the group stratification: the poor, low income, below medium income, relatively wealthy, wealthy and rich. Concentration of cash income in the «non-poor» group with per capita incomes above 3-subsistence levels. Differentiation of wage levels, in federal districts. Differentiation of wages by groups of workers with different wages in relation to the size of the subsistence minimum of the population. Purpose. Formating an economic and statistical pattern of living standard and quality of life, taking into account regional differences in different categories of socioeconomic stratification. Result. The result of monitoring is digital and analytical information obtained through the methods of economic and statistical analysis for Russia as a whole, and by federal districts and subjects of the Russian Federation.
incomes, differentiation, wages, monitoring, purchasing capacity, a consumer budget, consumer spending, subsistence minimum, stratification, a federal district, a subject, a living standard, tendencies (trends).
Общие аналитические характеристики
Потребительские цены. В IV квартале 2014 г. цены потребительского рынка товаров и услуг продолжали расти. В среднем в месяц потребительские цены в этот период увеличивались на 1,6%. Годом ранее они повышались ежемесячно в среднем на 0,6% [Росстат, Доклад (ежемесячный), 2014, 9, с. 161–162]. Изменение цен потребительского рынка товаров и услуг в среднемесячном измерении в 2013–2014 гг. показано в табл. 1. Наиболее значительно повысились цены в IV квартале 2014 г. на продукты питания. На фоне общего ускорения темпов роста потребительских цен продовольственные товары дорожали наиболее значительно. В декабре темп роста цен на эту группу товаров достиг 103,3% при 101,2% в октябре и 102% в ноябре. В среднем в месяц продовольственные товары дорожали на 2,2%. Итоговый показатель роста цен на продукты питания, составивший в октябре — декабре 2014 г. 6,6%, был в 2,4 раза больше, чем год назад. За аналогичный период цены на продовольственные товары в 2013 г. выросли на 2,8%.
По данным Росстата [Росстат, Официальный сайт, 15], в декабре 2014 г. значительно повысились цены на яйца (+14,5%) и на сахар-песок (+14,3%). При этом рост цен на сахар-песок к декабрю 2013 г. составил 40%.
По-прежнему отмечались высокие темпы роста цен на крупу гречневую — ядрицу. Цены на нее выросли на 22,4% (в ноябре на 54,4%). На рис цены увеличились на 8,4%. В целом за 2014 г. крупы и бобовые подорожали на 34,6%.
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