The vascular tone regulation is provided by contractile activity of smooth muscle cells (SMC) located in the vessel wall. Change in SMC contractile responses may occur in case of various pathological conditions, including metabolic syndrome (MS). Along with the calcium and potassium conductance in the SMC membrane, Na+,K+,2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC), which provides a symport of sodium, potassium and chlorine ions, is of great importance in the vascular dysfunction’s development. Male Wistar rats were used for MS modeling. Rats were divided into control and experimental groups. The rats from the control group were fed with standard laboratory diet. The rats from the experimental group were fed with a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet rich in lard and fructose for 12 weeks. The contractile activity of the smooth muscle segments in the aorta of control rats and animals of experimental groups was studied by the mechanographic method. Its electrical properties were studied by the double sucrose-gap technique. It was found that stimulation of aortic smooth muscle contractile activity by an adrenoreceptor agonist phenylephrine leads to the decrease in the amplitude of experimental rats’ segments contracture. The suppression of the contractile responses and aorta SMC sensitivity in rats with MS is associated with a decrease in the Ca2+ ions input through calcium channels. Animals fed with high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet had demonstrated a decreased vasorelaxing effect of acetylcholine, which proves the development of endothelial dysfunction in MS. The pretreatment of the ring segments with bumetanide, an NKCC inhibitor, had led to a decrease in the contractile activity and membrane potential in aortic SMC of experimental rats. The data obtained indicate the involvement of transmembrane ion currents in the vascular smooth muscle contractions regulation in the state of MS, including the NKCC-cooperated ones.
Na+, K+, 2Cl- cotransport, smooth muscle cells, metabolic syndrome
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