Farming by rules of organic agriculture, provides the ob- servance of the requirements and regulations excluding the use of synthetic chemical medicines of various direction and is based on the parameters and technologies providing pro- duction meeting ecological and other requirements imposed to organic production. Realization of the principles of organic agriculture is primary in the conditions of small farms. The purpose of the researches consisted in the definition of the possibility of realization of the principles of organic agriculture in the system of forage production. The research problems were to mark out basic principles of organic agriculture and the possibility of their realization for forage production in the conditions of small farms; to estimate the efficiency of forage crops cultivated taking into account the restrictions of organic agriculture in various agroecological conditions. In the study the data of field experiments made in various agroecological conditions of Krasnoyarsk Region with forage and grain and forage crops representing diet basis for cattle in the condi- tions of small farms are generalized. The productivity of for- age crops in the system of organic agriculture is defined by the level of natural fertility of soils, phytosanitary crop rotation and organic fertilizers. Without fertilizers and means of protec- tion of the plants of sour soils of subtaiga zone were received the yields of long-term herbs (brome, timothy, clover) 17-34 c/hectare. On drained peat soils without chemicalixation the efficiency of annual forage crops (peas-oats mix, sunflower, colza) was 21.1-23.3 c/hectare of solid, hay of long-term herbs of 25-35 c/hectare. On gray forest soils power coeffi- cient on control option was higher in comparison with fertilized option which is explained by the difference in the sizes of received efficiency of crop rotation and cumulative energy spent for this production.
organic agriculture, chemical means, ecologi- cal restrictions, phytosanitary crop rotation, forage crops
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