Система репарации неспаренных оснований, или мисмэтчей, обнаруживает пары азотистых оснований ДНК, соединённые вопреки правилу Уотсона – Крика, а также другие дефекты, возникающие в процессе репликации ДНК, и способствует их удалению, катализируя вырезание содержащего дефект участка дочерней ДНК и его повторный синтез уже без ошибок. Таким образом, MMR повышает точность процесса репликации на несколько порядков. За исследования репарации ДНК, в том числе MMR, была вручена Нобелевская премия по химии 2015 г.
MMR, пострепликативная репарация ДНК, Нобелевская премия по химии, эксцизия оснований, MutSα или MutS β, MutLα, PCNA, ДНК-полимераза δ, ДНК-лигаза I
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