Moskva, Moscow, Russian Federation
Moskva, Moscow, Russian Federation
In different countries, economic theorists argue that the type of economic development in second half of the XX century has changed qualitatively. Industrial technology ceased to be leading, and their place was taken by informational, financial, social, technology, management, policy, services, etc. But the operation and, especially, improvement of technical base for these activities is impossible without the existence of a developed industry. Therefore, the relationship between the industry and the economy in General and of social institutions is considered to be a priori. But what is the connection? The answer to this question creates the preconditions for a conscious management of the development of the economy based on clear quantitative criteria of an estimation of prospects of development and, consequently, control over the direction and dynamics of change. However, the problem of quantitative assessment of criteria development is only one of the problems, the solution of which depends on the development of the economy and society as a whole. What does “flow in the veins” of the economy? Does monetary system meet the modern requirements? What institutions are needed for development and which institutions inhibit it? Only the answer to this set of issues gives hope for a more predictable crisis-free economic development. Of course, issues of measurability relationships between phenomena of social life should not mean an automatic increase of system effectiveness of management of the economy, and, moreover, positive influence on the degree of turbulence. Therefore, only considering the problem from the point of view of the relationship of different questions, which is the feature of this article, allow hope to change the situation for the better.
macroconstants development, industrial policy, monetary system, national currency, institutional environment, development institutions.
1. Вступление
Задача повышения эффективности российской экономики и избавления от сырьевой ориентации стоит на повестке дня уже более 100 лет. В 1913 г. подушевой ВВП в России составлял примерно 30% от американского. В настоящее время это соотношение принципиально не изменилось. Множество попыток, предпринятых за 100 лет, не привели к изменению тенденции.
1. Abramovitz M. Thinking about Growth, and other Essays on Economic Growth and Welfare. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991. P. 220–228.
2. Maddison A. Monitoring the World Economy 1820–1992. P.: OECD, 1995. P. 202–206.
3. Gaydar E.T. Dolgoe vremya. Rossiya v mire: ocherki ekonomicheskoy istorii [For a long time. Russia in the world: essays of economic history]. Moscow, Delo Publ., 2005. 656 p.
4. Brodel' F. Dinamika kapitalizma [Dynamics of capitalism]. Moscow, 1993. 124 p.
5. D'yachenko O.V., Zarubezhnov E.S. Mirovye trendy reindustrializatsii: pervonachal'nyy opyt i sovremennye protivorechiya [World trends of reindustrialization: initial experience and modern contradictions]. Ekonomicheskoe vozrozhdenie Rossii [The economic revival of Russia]. 2015, I. 3 (45), pp. 62–75.
6. Grinberg R.S. Ekonomika sovremennoy Rossii: sostoyanie, problemy, perspektivy [Economics of modern Russia: state, problems, prospects]. Vestnik Instituta ekonomiki RAN [Bulletin of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. 2015, I. 1, pp. 10–29.
7. Buzgalin A., Kolganov A. Planirovanie: potentsial i rol' v rynochnoy ekonomike XXI veka [Planning: Potential and Role in the Market Economy of the 21st Century]. Voprosy ekonomiki [Questions of Economics]. 2016, I. 1, pp. 63–80.
8. Mau V. Antikrizisnye mery ili strukturnye reformy: ekonomicheskaya politika Rossii v 2015 godu [Anti-crisis measures or structural reforms: Russia's economic policy in 2015]. Voprosy ekonomiki [Questions of Economics]. 2016, I. 2, pp. 5–33.
9. Glaz'ev S.Yu. Strategiya operezhayushchego razvitiya Rossii v usloviyakh global'nogo krizisa [Strategy of advanced development of Russia in the conditions of the global crisis]. Moscow, Ekonomika Publ., 2010.
10. Inozemtsev V.L. Sovremennoe postindustrial'noe obshchestvo: priroda, protivorechiya, perspektivy [Modern post-industrial society: nature, contradictions, perspectives]. Moscow, Logos Publ., 2000.
11. Bell D. Gryadushchee postindustrial'noe obshchestvo [The future post-industrial society]. Moscow, Akademiya Publ., 1999.
12. Menger K. Osnovaniya politicheskoy ekonomii [The foundations of political economy]. Moscow, Territoriya budushchego Publ., 2005.
13. Kitov Ivan O. The Evolution of Real GDP Per Capita in Developed Countries. Journal of Applied Economic Sciences Volume IV/ Issue 2(8)/ Summer 2009. I.S.S.N. 1843-6110. Pp. 221–235.
14. Yusim V.N., Denisov I.V., Levchenko K.G. Gipoteza sushchestvovaniya konstant makroekonomicheskogo razvitiya [The hypothesis of the existence of constants of macroeconomic development]. «REU im. G. V. Plekhanova». Sbornik trudov mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii. 27 maya 2013 g. [«RGU them. GV Plekhanov. «Collection of works of the international scientific and practical conference. May 27, 2013].
15. Garnov A.P., Garnova V.Yu. Klasterizatsiya ekonomiki: sposoby povysheniya effektivnosti gosudarstvennoy promyshlennoy politiki [Clusterization of the economy: ways to improve the efficiency of state industrial policy]. Vestnik Rossiyskogo ekonomicheskogo universiteta im. G.V. Plekhanova [Bulletin of the Russian Economic University. G.V. Plekhanov]. 2016, I. 6 (90), pp. 110–117.
16. Bystrov A., Yusim V., Curtis T. Macroconstants of Development: A new benchmark for the strategic development of advanced countries and firms Int. J. of Business and Globalisation, 2015.
17. Bystrov A., Yusim V., Fialkovskiy D.. Tekushchie konstanty makroekonomicheskogo razvitiya stran — tekhnologicheskikh liderov [Current constants of macroeconomic development of countries — technological leaders]. Vestnik Instituta ekonomiki RAN [Bulletin of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. 2015, I. 4, pp. 157–171.
18. Bellman R. Dinamicheskoe programmirovanie [Dynamic programming]. Moscow, Inostr. lit. Publ., 1960.
19. Dvortsin M.D., Yusim V.N. Tekhnodinamika: osnovy teorii formirovaniya i razvitiya tekhnologicheskikh system [Technodynamics: the foundations of the theory of the formation and development of technological systems]. Moscow, Mezhdunarodnyy fond istorii nauki, «Diksi» Publ., 1993.
20. Makarov V.L., Rubinov A.M. Matematicheskaya teoriya ekonomicheskoy dinamiki i ravnovesiya [Mathematical theory of economic dynamics and equilibrium]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1973.
21. Cheremnykh Yu.N. Matematicheskie modeli razvitiya narodnogo khozyaystva [Mathematical models of the development of the national economy]. Moscow, MGU Publ., 1986.
22. Trapeznikov V.A. Upravlenie. Ekonomika. Tekhnicheskiy progress [Control. Economy. Technical progress]. Trudy III Mezhdunarodnoy kongr. IFAK (London, 1966) [Works III Intern. Congress. IFAC (London, 1966)]. Moscow, 1971.
23. Trapeznikov V.A. Upravlenie i nauchno-tekhnicheskiy progress [Management and scientific and technical progress]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1983.
24. Kats A.I. Dinamicheskiy ekonomicheskiy optimum [Dynamic economic optimum]. Moscow, Ekonomika Publ., 1970.
25. Kurakov I.G. Nauka i effektivnost' obshchestvennogo proizvodstva [Science and the effectiveness of social production]. Voprosy filosofii [Issues of philosophy]. 1989, I. 1, pp. 5–20.
26. Yusim V.N. Prognoznye vozmozhnosti pokazatelya «Ekonomicheskiy uroven' tekhnologii» [Forecasting the possibilities of the indicator «Economic level of technology»]. Ekonomicheskiy analiz: teoriya i praktika [Economic analysis: theory and practice]. 2005, I. 1, pp. 21–28.
27. Yusim V.N., Kolokolov V.A., Denisov I.V Upravlenie makroekonomicheskim razvitiem v usloviyakh nesovershennoy tekhnologicheskoy i institutsional'noy sredy [Management of macroeconomic development in conditions of imperfect technological and institutional environment]. Ekonomicheskiy analiz: teoriya i praktika [Economic analysis: theory and practice]. 2010, I. 35, pp. 2–13.
28. Polterovich V.M. Elementy teorii reform [Elements of the theory of reforms]. Moscow, ZAO «Ekonomika» Publ., 2007. 447 p.
29. Galanov V.A. Al'ternativnye varianty razvitiya mirovogo khozyaystva [Alternative options for the development of the world economy]. Nauchno-analiticheskiy zhurnal «Nauka i praktika» Rossiyskogo ekonomicheskogo universiteta imeni G.V. Plekhanova [Scientific and Analytical Journal «Science and Practice» of the Russian Economic University named after G.V. Plekhanov]. 2015, I. 4 (20), pp. 14–28.
30. Betz F. Basic research and technology transfer // Intern, j. of technology management — Exeter, 1994. Vol. 9, № 5/6/7 P. 784–796.
31. Upravlenie promyshlennym razvitiem v usloviyakh otstaloy tekhnologicheskoy sredy [Management of industrial development in a backward technological environment]. Moscow, INFRA-M Publ., 2016. 200 p.
32. Yusim V.N., Kolokolov V.A. Kulapov M. N., Denisov I.V. O sisteme pryamogo upravleniya makroekonomicheskim razvitiem [On the system of direct management of macroeconomic development]. Ekonomist [The Economist]. 2010, I. 12, pp. 7–18.
33. Dvortsin M.D., Yusim V.N., Reznik S.E. Printsip provokatsii polozhitel'nykh tendentsiy [Principle of provocation of positive trends]. Ekonomicheskiy analiz: teoriya i praktika [Economic analysis: theory and practice]. 2005, I. 17(50), pp. 2–4.
34. Nezavisimaya nadnatsional'naya valyuta: teoriya i praktika [Independent supranational currency: theory and practice]. Moscow, INFRA-M Publ. 2016. 131.
